When Moral Tension Begets Cognitive Dissonance: An Investigation of Responses to Unethical Pro-Organizational Behavior and the Contingent Effect of Construal Level

Journal of Business Ethics - Research on unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB) has predominantly focused on its antecedents, while overlooking how engaging in such behavior might affect...     

Trust Erosion During Industry-Wide Crises: The Central Role of Consumer Legitimacy Judgement

Journal of Business Ethics - Widespread unethical corporate misconduct in an industry triggers industry-wide crises. This research investigates how industry misconduct affects consumers’...     

Uncovering asset stripping during China's privatization

This paper empirically studies the occurrence and extent of asset stripping via undervaluing public assets during the mass privatization of state-owned and collectively owned enterprises in China. Using three waves of a national survey of private firms, we provide evidence that state-owned and collectively owned assets were substantially underpriced, indicating the presence of corruption during privatization. Further analysis shows that the extent of underpricing is more severe in regions with less market competition or weaker property rights protection, and more pronounced for intangible assets such as intellectual property rights and land use rights. When comparing firm efficiency between privatized firms and de novo private firms, we find that the former group continues to enjoy considerable preferential treatments, yet significantly underperforms the latter, possibly due to continued government control and intervention. Finally, we provide evidence that insider privatization is an important source of corruption during the privatization process.     

保定市主要作物需水量和缺水量特征分析

[目的]对作物需水量及缺水量的研究是了解和合理配置农业灌溉用水的基础,对提高农业用水效率有重大意义。[方法]选取河北省保定市为研究区域,利用Penman-Monteith公式和分段单值平均作物系数法对冬小麦、夏玉米和棉花的作物需水量和缺水量等指标进行计算,通过Mann-Kendall检验法对保定市近60年来的作物需水量和缺水量等的变化趋势进行分析。[结果]3种主要作物的需水量、有效降雨量和缺水量的最大值均出现在作物发育中期;其中除冬小麦的有效降雨量以0.208mm/10年的速率呈不显著性增长趋势外,其他作物的各指标变化则均呈减少趋势;从突变现象来看,夏玉米和棉花的各指标发生明显变化的时期相近,需水量出现明显拐点的时刻在2008年以后,有效降水量在1968年以前和2014年两个时期,缺水量分别在2011年和2012年。[结论]该研究结果为保定市乃至河北省的农作物灌溉效率的提高及水资源规划与管理的完善提供了理论依据,具有一定的现实意义。     

生态政策作用下农户生计资本与生计策略的关系研究*——以内蒙古自治区杭锦旗为例

[目的]探索生态政策作用下农户生计资本与生计策略的关系,对提高农户生计水平,促进区域生态环境修复具有重要意义。[方法]该研究以地处库布其沙漠腹地的杭锦旗为例,基于农户调研数据,对北部沿河区和南部梁外区农户的生计资本和生计策略进行了调查与对比分析,并建立二元Logistic回归模型,对影响两区域农户生计策略选择的关键因素进行了研究。[结果](1)北部沿河区农户的人力资本和金融资本高于南部梁外区,而自然资本、物质资本和社会资本低于南部梁外区。北部沿河区农户选择以农为主生计策略的比例高于南部梁外区,而选择以非农为主的比例低于南部梁外区。(2)人力资本和自然资本是影响两区域农户生计策略选择的共同关键因素。其中,人力资本对两区域农户以非农为主生计策略的选择均具有显著正向影响,而自然资本均具有显著负向影响。比较而言,人力资本和自然资本对生态政策影响较小的北部沿河区农户以非农为主生计策略选择的影响均大于生态政策影响较大的南部梁外区。[结论]杭锦旗农户的生计资本和生计策略具有区域差异性,生态政策是促使农户生计状况产生区域差异的重要因素。在生态政策的作用下,农户的生计策略仍受其生计资本的影响,同时生态政策也通过影响农户可实际运作的生计资本而影响着农户的生计策略。在以上研究的基础上,提出了改善农户生计状况和促进区域生态环境修复的政策建议。     

基于转移概率和网络联系的辽宁省农村居民点适宜性评价

[目的]农村居民点适宜性评价在农村居民点调控、规划和预测中具有基础作用,且农村居民点适宜性评价应顾及农村居民点之间的社会经济活动联系。[方法]以辽宁省为研究区,首先运用逐步Logistic回归模型构建农村居民点转移概率,其次运用网络分析方法确定农村居民点图斑间的网络联系强度,最终通过加权求和方法确定农村居民点转化概率,进行农村居民点空间布局适宜性评价。[结果]辽宁省农村居民点可以划分为高度适宜类、较适宜类、一般适宜类和不适宜类4类,分别占农村居民点总面积的比例为28.18%、31.32%、13.26%和27.24%;从各地貌分区来看,高度适宜类主要集中分布在中部平原地区和东部山地丘陵区中的南方沿海地区,而不适宜类整体分布则较为零散;辽宁省中部平原区位条件好,东部沿海地区区位条件也较好,西部山地丘陵区地区较差。[结论]研究方法和结论有助于全面把握农村居民点社会经济与区位适宜性特征,为农村居民点科学规划提供科学指导。     

基于遥感蒸散数据的农田灌溉水平评价和设施建设分区研究

[目的]利用遥感蒸散数据快速评价农田年度灌溉水平,及时获取基本农田建设成效,为农田灌溉设施分区建设提供参考。[方法]以黑龙江省海伦市为研究区,MOD16蒸散产品为数据源,计算有效灌溉量、灌溉需水量和作物缺水指数,分别对研究区2013年的旱地和水田灌溉水平进行评价,并将评价结果与农田水利设施作用分值图进行叠加分析,在此基础上进行基本农田灌溉设施建设分区。[结果]2013年海伦市耕地灌溉水平整体较高,区域间建设水平差别较大,可划分为4个级别。其中1级和2级灌溉水平的地块面积比例可达78.06%,地域分布上看,北部、西部、中部乡镇灌溉水平较高,东南部乡镇灌溉水平相对较低。叠加得出8种组合类型,分为设施修建型、设施提升型和设施维护型3种分区类型。[结论]研究为高标准农田建设提供了更详细的农田灌溉水平评价方法和更具差别化的农田灌溉设施建设策略。     

衡水市农户土地资源转出意愿的影响因素与行政干预

[目的]通过了解河北省衡水市农户土地转出的意愿状况,分析影响农户土地资源转出意愿的关键因素,并制定正确的战略决策,为构建农地适度规模化经营奠定理论基础,促进衡水市农民的现代化发展。[方法]文章结合调研情况,对样本区农户土地使用权流转行为进行了统计描述和分析研究,并运用Logistic模型对农户土地使用权转出意愿的影响因素进行了分析,找到了影响衡水市土地流转的关键性因素。[结果]研究表明,户主年龄、从事职业和文化程度、农户家庭非农收入以及农户家庭兼业人数等与农户土地转出意愿呈显著正相关关系,显著性数值分别为0. 018、0. 000、0. 010、0. 000、0. 028,而农户家庭农用机械数量则与农户土地转出意愿呈显著负相关关系,显著性数值为0. 033。此外农户社会保障程度和农户对政府土地流转的相关政策了解程度等因素也影响着农户土地流转的意愿。[结论]影响农户土地转出意愿的显著性因素包括家庭非农收入、户主年龄和职业;另外,户主的年龄、职业、文化程度、非农收入、家庭兼业人数和农用机械数量均是影响农户土地转出意愿的重要内容。     

Big data driven cycle time parallel prediction for production planning in wafer manufacturing

Cycle time forecasting (CTF) is one of the most crucial issues for production planning to keep high delivery reliability in semiconductor wafer fabrication systems (SWFS). This paper proposes a novel data-intensive cycle time (CT) prediction system with parallel computing to rapidly forecast the CT of wafer lots with large datasets. First, a density peak based radial basis function network (DP-RBFN) is designed to forecast the CT with the diverse and agglomerative CT data. Second, the network learning method based on a clustering technique is proposed to determine the density peak. Third, a parallel computing approach for network training is proposed in order to speed up the training process with large scaled CT data. Finally, an experiment with respect to SWFS is presented, which demonstrates that the proposed CTF system can not only speed up the training process of the model but also outperform the radial basis function network, the back-propagation-network and multivariate regression methodology based CTF methods in terms of the mean absolute deviation and standard deviation.     

The impact of crude oil inventory announcements on prices: Evidence from derivatives markets

This study examines the impact of weekly crude oil storage announcements on oil futures and options prices. We document evidence of a strong announcement day effect on both markets, and find prices to move in anticipation of the inventory surprise. Futures returns significantly decrease with positive surprises and increase with negative surprises. There is no evidence of an asymmetric impact on futures prices. Near‐the‐money options exhibit the greatest price sensitivity, and the magnitude of the price response of both futures and options declines with maturity. The results remain robust even after controlling for various macroeconomic and other storage‐related news variables.